Nanofiltration membranes
Yaghoub
Mansourpanah
Lorestan University, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
1
1
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23340_928fe0f809a89b5244bbd76ded90831f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23340
The Potential of Nanoparticles for Upgrading Thin Film Nanocomposite Membranes – A Review
Mohammad
Khajouei
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave.,Babol, Iran, Post Code 47148-71167
author
Majid
Peyravi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave.,Babol, Iran, Post Code 47148-71167
author
Mohsen
Jahanshahi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Shariati Ave.,Babol, Iran, Post Code 47148-71167
author
text
article
2017
eng
Over the past decade, many applications were intended for filtration by membrane technology especially the thin film composite (TFC) membranes. In advanced developments of thin film membranes, an attempt was made to spread a new generation of membranes called thin film nano composite (TFN) membranes. However, in the last generation of TFNs, an ultrathin selective film of nanoparticles is coated on the porous sub-layer with different procedures (i.e. interfacial polymerization (IP), dip coating and Plasma polymerization) which contained nanoparticles in a scale of 20-200 nm. Thin film nanocomposite membranes are the last generation of RO membranes which are known as the best appliance in the nanofiltration researches. In this realm, with the help of nanotechnology, membrane science has introduced a novel gamut in science and technology. By using new nanoparticles and nanocomposites among the structure of membranes, the TFNs were born to help the separation and purification processes. To fabricate high efficiency thin film nanocomposites, many manners, theories and additive particles are modified and chosen with regards to time and applications which can increase selectivity, permeability and porosity in addition to the reduction of fouling or improvement of salt rejection. The current review is written to seek the maze of thin film nanocomposite membranes in the past few years with the goal of clarifications of this novel method of filtration, its outlook, nanoparticles and applications which were used before and can be used in the future.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
2
12
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23341_4ed40a1d814122fbd1f775213634cbe8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23341
Anionic/Non-ionic Surfactants in Aqueous Phase of Thin Film Composite Poly(Paraphenylene Terephthalamide) Nanofiltration Membranes
Farshid
Azarteimour
Membrane Research Center, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Mehdi
Amirinejad
Membrane Research Center, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Mehdi
Parvini
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Gas and Petroleum, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
author
Sayed Siavash
Madaeni
Membrane Research Center, Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
In this work, the Interfacial interfacial polymerization (IP) technique was employed using terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) and p-phenylenediamine (PPD), as reactant monomers, to prepare poly(paraphenylene terephthalamide) thin film composite (TFC) nanofiltration on polyethersulphone (PES) support layer. The effects of six different anionic and non-ionic surfactants, in the aqueous phase on the morphology and performance of membranes were investigated. The performance of membranes was evaluated by the pure water flux (PWF) and the rejection of salt solutions. By addition of anionic surfactants, the morphology and performance were unaltered, while, in the presence of non-ionic surfactants, both morphology and performance were changed. Furthermore, the conditions for IP process were examined.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
13
21
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23342_ca1d5c5184170bc1efbff7b8f1f91e83.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23342
Treatment of Phenolic Wastewaters by a Domestic Low-Pressure Reverse Osmosis System
Fatemeh
Khazaali
Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Mahshahr Campus, Mahshahr, Iran
author
Ali
Kargari
Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
In this paper, the removal of phenol by using aqueous solution in a low pressure reverse osmosis membrane was investigated. The effect of feed pressure, feed concentration, feed flow rate and feed pH on phenol rejection was investigated. The results showed that feed pH is the most affective parameter on the phenol rejection. Rejection of phenol increased with increasing pH from 2 to 10 under the best conditions. According to the results, there was a critical pressure in this separation and for pressures higher than this pressure, phenol rejection decreased. Feed flow rate had a positive effect on the phenol rejection but the effect of feed concentration was similar to the effect of feed pressure. The results showed that the maximum rejection was measured equal to 71% at 200 mg/L, 408.1 kPa, pH =10 and 1.172 L/min feed flow rate.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
22
28
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23344_4c9cc8528d5b8c24c698a5ae5b319e3d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23344
Modification of Thin Film Composite Nanofiltration Membrane using Silver Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization and Antibacterial Performance
T.N.A
Tengku Sallehuddin
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
author
M.N
Abu Seman
Faculty of Chemical & Natural Resources Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
author
text
article
2017
eng
This paper reports on preparation of polyamide membrane with addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs act as antibacterial agents that are less susceptible to membrane’s biofouling by interfacial polymerization (IP) method. AgNPs was synthesized via green route which has been reported previously. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), contact angle measurement, and Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) were carried out to characterize the morphology of the prepared membrane samples. Inhibition zone of E. Coli bacteria was used to study the antibacterial behavior of the membranes. As a result, FTIR spectra clearly present the peak of primary amide, secondary amides, carboxyl group and etc. In addition, from the FESEM images, it could be seen that relatively regular and spherical shape AgNPs were formed. Contact angle results revealed that the PA membrane is more hydrophilic than that of the PES membrane. EDX spectra shows a peak that confirmed the presence of AgNPs on PA/Ag membrane. In antibacterial test, the PA membrane alone could not inhibit the growth of E.Coli. Membranes with 10 ml and 15 ml loading of AgNPs added to the M-Phenylenediamine (MPD) monomer for the IP process were not enough to kill the E.Coli bacteria. The addition of 20ml of AgNPs to MPD monomer however showed an interesting result as we can clearly observe the inhibition zone in the diameter of 1 mm around the circle of the membrane indicate that all bacteria were totally killed.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
29
35
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23345_0c6179b33cecdde19eef1cd599d3f8b2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23345
Influence of Sodium Tripolyphosphate Concentration on Characteristics and Performance of Polyamide Thin Layer Membrane in Cu (II) Removal
Yaghoub
Mansourpanah
Membrane Research Laboratory, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, P.O. Box 68137-17133, Iran
author
Parivash M.
Rashnou
Membrane Research Laboratory, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, P.O. Box 68137-17133, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
In this work, the effect of presence of the sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), as an inorganic salt, on improving the performance of polyamide (PA) thin layer membranes has been studied. Characterization analyses confirmed the presence of the salt on the whole surface structure of the thin layer. Different salt loadings resulted in different fluxes and Cu (II) rejections. The thin layer containing 1% w/w STPP showed favorable flux and relatively good rejection for the Cu2+ ions. However, the best rejection was obtained for 5% w/w STPP. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the formation of a dense and compact surface in the presence of STPP in the aqueous phase.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
36
41
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23346_3ddf988ea3644ffb6cd95f50feeed01a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23346
Fabrication and Modification of Thin-Film Composite Hollow Fiber NF Membranes
Zohreh
Abolfazli
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
author
Ahmad
Rahimpour
Department of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
This study focuses on the preparation and modification of a thin-film composite (TFC) hollow fiber polyamide membrane fabricated by the interfacial polymerization of Piperazine (PIP) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on a porous polysulfone substrate. The effects of triethylenetetramine (TETA) and silica nanoparticles (SiO2) contents in the aqueous phase (as the additives) on the morphology and performance of the hollow-fiber composite membranes were studied. The morphologies, chemical composition and the surface image of membranes were investigated by using FTIR, SEM, AFM and contact angle analyzes. TETA resulted a more hydrophilic as well as lower surface roughness in the modified membranes. In addition, the active layer of the membranes had uniform, smooth and dense structures compared with the neat membrane (control sample). In case of the SiO2 nanoparticles, AFM images showed rougher surfaces in the modified membranes. However, the nanoparticles’ size is close to the membrane pore size. As a result, the silica particles block a few pure water channels of the membranes. The obtained results showed that the water flux increased with increasing the silica contents in the aqueous phase. Furthermore, the NaCl rejection increased by increasing the TETA concentration. This showed that adding optimal concentration of the both SiO2 and TETA in the aqueous phase would increase the both flux and rejection, as well as prepared appropriate hollow fiber TFC membrane. The hollow fiber composite membrane possessed a salt (NaCl) rejection of about 26 % and flux of about 31 L.m-2.h-1.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
42
49
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23347_6f660dc790d3b29907b7ed443cbba6ef.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23347
Fabrication and Characterization of PES Based Nanofiltration Membrane Modified by Zeolite Nanoparticles for Water Desalination
F.
Amiri
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
author
Abdolreza
Moghadassi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
author
E.
Bagheripour
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
author
F.
Parvizian
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349, Iran
author
text
article
2017
eng
In the present study, mixed matrix PES/zeolite nanoparticles nanofiltration membranes were prepared via the solution casting technique. The effect of zeolite concentration on the PES membrane performance and its properties was studied. Cross-sectional scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations showed that the porosity in the membrane sub-layer was increased with addition of zeolite into the casting solution. Surface SEM images and scanning optical microscope (SOM) images showed the nanoparticles agglomeration in thesurface at high loading rates. Membrane roughness was decreased with the addition of zeolite into the casting solution. Results indicated that the membrane water content was improved initially by using 0.05 wt. % zeolite nanoparticles and then was decreased with further increase in additive concentration. Utilizing zeolite nanoparticles in the casting solution also led to decrease of surface contact angle from 62.02° for PES membrane to 36.87° for membrane filled with 0.1 wt.% zeolite. Moreover, water flux and tensile strength were enhanced with addition of the zeolite (up to 0.1 wt. %) and then were decreased whereas the rejection was decreased just in 0.1 wt. % nanoparticles loading rate. The flux reduction ratio of the prepared membranes was also estimated. Mixed matrix PES/zeolite membranes showed better antifouling properties compared to the PES one.
Journal of Membrane Science and Research
FIMTEC & MPRL
2476-5406
3
v.
1
no.
2017
50
56
https://www.msrjournal.com/article_23349_80b9f6f9815f8852a939f88bc6d68c6e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22079/jmsr.2017.23349